Oedema

Differential diagnosis

• Unilateral
  • Acute
    • Deep vein thrombosis
    • Cellulitis
    • Acute arthritis – septic / inflammatory
    • Ruptured Baker’s cyst
    • Ruptured medial head of gastrocnemius
    • Compartment syndrome
  • Chronic
    • Chronic venous insufficiency
    • Lymphedema
    • Pelvic mass causing compression of draining veins
• Bilateral
  • Acute / sub-acute
    • Bilateral deep vein thromboses
    • Bilateral cellulitis
    • Symmetrical polyarthritis
    • Pregnancy
  • Chronic
    • Congestive cardiac failure
      • Chronic lung disease complicated by cor pulmonale
    • Primary pulmonary hypertension
    • Nephrotic syndrome
    • Chronic liver disease
    • Chronic kidney disease
    • Pretibial myxoedema
    • Drugs
      • Calcium channel blockers