• Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: tumour may erode into skull base by direct extension
    • Combination of VI and XII neuropathy is particularly suggestive of invasion of clivus
    • May also affect CN II and V, may extend in some cases to cavernous sinus
  • Chordoma: rare primary benign bone tumour which often involves clivus
  • Pre-pontine neoplasms (gliomas, dermoid, epidermoid tumours): often III, V and VI
  • Neoplastic involvement of temporal bone: VII and VIII, often associated with chronic otitis media