Chorioretinitis

History

• Floaters
• Visual loss
• CMV / toxoplasmosis is AIDS-defining

Relevant physical signs

• Fundoscopy
  • CMV
    • Diffuse scarring
    • Pizza pie appearance
    • Retinal opacification
    • Perivascular sheathing
  • Congenital toxoplasmosis
    • Punched-out macula scar

Causes

• Infection
  • Toxoplasmosis
  • Others: syphilis, Epstein-Barr virus, tuberculosis, Bartonella
  • Rubella
  • Cytomegalovirus
  • Herpes simplex, herpes zoster
• Inflammatory
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Bechet’s syndrome

Treatment

• Intravitreal ganciclovir (CMV)