Approach to Visual Loss / Blurring of Vision

Differential diagnosis

• Inflammatory
  • Multiple sclerosis
  • Neuromyelitis optica
  • Sjogren’s
  • Giant cell arteritis
  • Anterior uveitis
• Endocrine
  • Diabetes
  • Thyroid eye disease
  • Acromegaly
  • Cushing’s syndrome
• Vascular
  • Amuarosis fugax
  • Branch retinal vein occlusion
  • Branch retinal artery occlusion
  • Hypertensive emergency
• Structural
  • Cataracts
  • Lens dislocation (Marfan’s)
  • Vitreous haemorrhage (diabetes, anticoagulation)
  • Retinitis pigmentosa
  • Diabetic retinopathy
  • Hypertensive retinopathy
  • Retinal detachment
  • Age-related macular degeneration
  • Raised intracranial pressure
• Infectious
  • Conjunctivitis
  • Corneal ulcer (HSV)
• Neoplastic
  • Retinoblastoma
  • Melanoma
• Trauma
• Drugs
  • Ethambutol
  • Hydroxychloroquine